Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Eastern India

Baijayantimala Mishra; Bijayini Behera; Arvind K Singh; Prasanta R Mohapatra; Binod K Patro; Manoj K Panigrahi; Jawahar S K Pillai; Sadanand Barik; Ashoka Mahapatra; Srujana Mohanty; Vinaykumar Hallur; Kavita Gupta; Gitanjali Batmanabane

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2486_20

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Eastern India

J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Aug;10(8):2974-2979. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2486_20. Epub 2021 Aug 27.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
² Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
³ Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
⁴ Department of Hospital Administration, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
⁵ Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
⁶ Director, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Abstract

Statement of the problem: Healthcare workers (HCW) are the most vulnerable group for contracting SARS-CoV-2. Assessment of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCW, thus can provide important data on pathogen exposure, infectivity, and adherence to personal protective equipment (PPE). The present study aimed at assessing SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among HCW and exploring associations with demographics, category of exposure to COVID-19 patients, preventive measures taken and relation with COVID-19 symptoms.

Method of study: HCWs with a minimum gap 2 weeks from last duty were eligible to participate in the study. The enrolled HCW were categorized into high-risk and low-risk category based on work in COVID-19 areas. HCWs SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and IgM antibodies were detected using rapid immunochromatography test.

Results: Out of 821 randomly selected HCWs, either IgM or IgG antibody was detected in 32 HCWs (32/821, 3.9%). Only IgM antibodies were detected in 14 (1.7%), only IgG was detected in 9 (1.0%), and both IgM and IgG antibodies were present in 9 HCWs. Seropositivity was significantly higher in high-risk category (5.7% vs. 2.2.%), HCWs who ever had COVID-19 related symptoms in last 3 months (5.6% vs. 2.8%), and those who had earlier tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (36.6% vs. 3.5%). Seroprevalence was highest (6.9%) among housekeeping and sanitation staff.

Conclusions: Overall, low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in our HCWs is an indicator of effective infection control practice. HCW posted in dedicated COVID ward need more stringent implementation of infection prevention measures.

Keywords: Antibody; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; healthcare worker.