Objective: To assess voice outcomes after surgical technique for typeⅡ and type Ⅲ sulcus vocalis. Methods: The data of 39 cases of bilateral type Ⅱ-Ⅲ sulcus vocalis were collected and analyzed retrospectively. There were 29 patients with bilateral type Ⅲ sulcus vocalis, and 10 patients with type Ⅲ on one side and typeⅡon the contralateral vocal cord. All of vocal cords were applied autologous anterior rectus sheath fascia transplant, and 68 sides of vocal cords with type Ⅲ sulcus vocalis were also applied autologous fascia and fat injection. Two male patients, whose results from transplant and injection were not satisfied, were carried out cricothyroid myotomy one year after surgery. Subjective and objective voice evaluations were performed before and after operation. Results: One patient was found mild adhesion on the middle part of vocal cords, and all the other 38 patients recovered well and there were no complications. During 5-6 weeks after surgery, breathy voice was the feather. Then vocal quality and glottal closure were gradually improved and became steady in 12 months. It showed that all the subjective and objective parameters, except for fundamental frequency, were significantly improved (P<0.05), and obvious improvement was achieved in glottal closures and mucosal waves in 35 patients. Three patients obtained no significant vocal quality improvement after transplant and injection surgery, and two male patients of them achieved improvement in mucosal waves and MPT after bilateral cricothyroid muscle amputations. One patient, who was revealed with mild adhesion, achieved a satisfied result after adhesion separation and suture. All the patients who originally had feelings of fatigue and voice discontinuity during phonation gained significant improvement postoperatively. Steady function with no complications was observed during the 36 months (up to 5 years in 20 patients) follow-up period. Conclusions: Autologous fascia transplantation combined fascia and fat injcetion can lead to excellent long-term results, and it is a good treatment option for pathologic sulcus vocalis. Cricothyroid muscle amputations can reduce the tension, and may improve vibration property of the vocal fold in patients with pathological sulcus vocalis.
目的： 探讨外科治疗Ⅱ~Ⅲ型声带沟的手术方式和临床疗效。 方法： 回顾性分析2010年2月至2016年9月间山东大学附属山东省耳鼻喉医院收治的39例Ⅱ~Ⅲ型双侧声带沟患者的临床资料。通过手术显微镜对声带沟进行确诊和分型，其中男13例，女26例。患者年龄18~41岁，中位年龄22岁，30岁以内36例。29例为双侧Ⅲ型声带沟，10例为单侧Ⅲ型，对侧Ⅱ型。所有患者均在全身麻醉支撑喉镜下行双侧自体筋膜填充术，Ⅲ型声带沟同时给予自体筋膜加脂肪声带内注射术，2例双侧Ⅲ型声带沟于术后12个月再行环甲肌切断术。手术前、后均行动态喉镜检查及主、客观嗓音功能评估。采用SPSS17.0 软件进行统计学分析。 结果： 39例患者中除1例术后双声带中份轻度粘连，余38例愈合良好。术后5~6周内发音为气息声，随后逐渐改善，术后3个月声带形态良好，沟状凹陷消失，35例声带黏膜波及音质较术前明显改善，术后6个月声带振动弹性及音质进一步提高，术后12个月声带形态及音质与6个月时无明显变化，与术前比较基频无显著差异，其余指标（G、R、B、A、基频微扰、振幅微扰、噪谐比、最长发音时间）较术前均明显改善（t值分别为8.34，10.32，10.06，11.22，10.20，9.58，7.92，-11.39，P值均<0.05）。3例声带黏膜波及音质改善不良，对其中2例男性患者行环甲肌切断术后基频下降，黏膜波改善，最长发音时间延长至正常范围。声带粘连患者行粘连分离术后声带黏膜波及音质明显改善。所有患者发音疲劳感显著改善或消失，均随访36个月以上，其中20例患者随访满5年，随访期间患者主、客观嗓音指标稳定。 结论： 自体筋膜填充术配合筋膜加脂肪声带内注射术能够修复Ⅱ~Ⅲ型沟状声带的形态并改善其黏弹性，使患者音质提高；基频较高男性患者联合环甲肌切断术可降低声带张力，可能有助于改善声带振动和音质。.