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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Jan;33(1):101-108.
doi: 10.1007/s10552-021-01506-1. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

Coffee consumption and risk of renal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort evidence

Jongeun Rhee  1 , Rachel K Lim  2 , Mark P Purdue  3
Affiliations
Free PMC article
Meta-Analysis

Coffee consumption and risk of renal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort evidence

Jongeun Rhee et al. Cancer Causes Control. 2022 Jan.
Free PMC article

Abstract

Purpose: There is increasing evidence that coffee consumption is related to reduced risks for some cancers, but the evidence for renal cancer is inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the cohort evidence of this relationship.

Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase through February 2021. Meta-analyses using a random effects model were conducted for reported relative risk estimates (RRs) relating coffee intake and renal cancer incidence or mortality. We also performed a two-stage random effects exposure-response meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed.

Results: In a meta-analysis of the ten identified cohort studies, we found a summary RR of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-0.99] relating the highest vs. the lowest category of coffee intake and renal cancer, with no significant between-study heterogeneity observed (I2 = 35%, p = 0.13). This inverse association remained among studies of incident cancers (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76-0.96) and studies adjusting for smoking and body mass index (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.99).

Conclusions: Our findings from this meta-analysis of the published cohort evidence are suggestive of an inverse association between coffee consumption and renal cancer risk.

Keywords: Coffee; Cohort study; Kidney cancer; Meta-analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests/Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Literature search results for publications related to coffee consumption and risk of renal cancer
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Forest plot of meta-analysis summarizing cohort evidence relating coffee intake and risk of renal cancer (comparing highest vs. lowest levels) RR: relative risk, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Results of meta-analyses of coffee intake (highest vs. lowest) and risk of renal cancer after excluding each study one at a time RR: relative risk, CI: confidence interval
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Funnel plot of meta-analysis on coffee intake (highest vs. lowest) and risk of renal cancer
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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