In three cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia we observed a translocation (8;16)(p11;p13); in one case it was the sole karyotypic change and in the other two cases it was associated with other structural anomalies. All three cases were nonhyperleukocytic myelomonocytic leukemias with erythrophagocytosis by some blast cells and cytochemistry results consistent with leukemic proliferation of a common monocytic-granulocytic precursor. The importance of this translocation is discussed, and the implication of band 16p13 in myelomonocytic leukemia is stressed.