Antagonistic, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-diabetic Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus agilis Isolated From the Rhizosphere of the Medicinal Plants

Allah Nawaz Khan; Humaira Yasmin; Shakira Ghazanfar; Muhammad Nadeem Hassan; Rumana Keyani; Imran Khan; Madeha Gohar; Asim Shahzad; Maha J Hashim; Ajaz Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.029

Antagonistic, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-diabetic Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus agilis Isolated From the Rhizosphere of the Medicinal Plants

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Nov;28(11):6069-6076. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.029. Epub 2021 Aug 18.

Authors

Allah Nawaz Khan^{1

2}, Humaira Yasmin¹, Shakira Ghazanfar³, Muhammad Nadeem Hassan¹, Rumana Keyani¹, Imran Khan³, Madeha Gohar¹, Asim Shahzad^{4

5}, Maha J Hashim⁶, Ajaz Ahmad⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Park road, Chak shazad, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan.
² Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University Islamabad Campus, Chak Shahzad, Pakistan.
³ Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre (FGBC), National Institute for Genomics Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB) National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) PARC, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Botany Mohi.ud.Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, AJK, Pakistan.
⁵ The College of Geography and Environment Science" Henan University, Kaifeng , China.
⁶ Department of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK.
⁷ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Potential probiotic bacteria can be used as a biotherapeutic agent and a sustainable alternative to antibiotics, as an anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic agent without causing any serious side effects. Mostly human-friendly Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been isolated from the animal-human origin to be used as biotherapeutic agents or to produce useful metabolites (nutraceutical). However, less information is known about the role of medicinal plants associated LAB as biotherapeutic agents. The isolation of 115 human-friendly Lactobacillus strains was done from the rhizosphere of the medicinal plants Ocimum tenuiflorum, Azadirachta indica, Ficus carica. The obtained bacteria were then tested for their safe status before being using it for a beneficial purpose. Out of 115 strains, 29 (25%) were negative for blood hemolytic activities. Among these 29 isolates, three isolates did not show a breakdown of gelatin and were recognized as safe. Antibiotic resistance assay showed resistance of two of them against antibiotics discs of Streptomycin (10 µg), Ciprofloxacin (20 µg), Vancomycin (30 µg), Metronidazole (10 µg), Ampicillin (5 µg), Chloramphenicol (30 µg), Kanamycin (30 µg), Erythromycin (15 µg), Penicillin (10 µg) and Tetracycline (30 µg). The bacterial isolate (T-2) was found safe that was identified as Lactobacillus agilis by sequence analysis of 16 s rRNA gene and processed in vitro as an anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agent. Free radical scavenging activities and inhibition of α-amylase activities for Lactobacillus agilis were found relative to standard drug values as 68% and 73% and 51.3% and 65.3%, respectively. The in-vitro anti-inflammatory assay showed 61.6% (Lactobacillus agilis) while showed 69% (aspirin) activity for denaturation albumin protein. The results suggested that Lactobacillus agilis can be used as a potential probiotic strain as well as can be used to produce nutraceuticals.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Diabetes; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactobacillus agilis; Medicinal plants; Nutraceutical.