Patella Alta: When to Correct and Impact on Other Anatomic Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Instability

Abstract

Patella alta is described as abnormally high-riding patella in relation to the femur, the trochlear groove, or the tibia with decreased bony stability. Patella alta represents an important predisposing factor for patellofemoral instability. Different measurement methods are used to define patella alta. Despite the clinical importance of patella alta, there is only limited consensus on cutoff values, indications for treatment, and ideal correction. In addition, the impact of patella alta on other risk factors for lateral patellar instability is significant. This must be considered when assessing clinical complaints and choosing the best individual treatment. Combined surgical interventions may be necessary.

Keywords: Distalization; Osteotomies; Patella alta; Patellofemoral instability; Rotational abnormalities; Treatment; Trochlear dysplasia.