Advancements in the identification of EV derived mRNA biomarkers for liquid biopsy of clear cell renal cell carcinomas

Urology. 2022 Feb:160:87-93. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.11.002. Epub 2021 Nov 15.

Abstract

Objective: To propose EV-derived mRNA as a potential diagnostic biomarker detecting the presence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). There is currently no kidney cancer specific screening or diagnostic technology. Therefore, one-third of kidney cancer diagnoses occur after the cancer has metastasized and is past curative measures MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urine, plasma, normal tumor adjacent tissue, and tumor tissue was collected from a limited population of ccRCC patients. Extracellular vesicle (EV) isolation was performed on each sample, followed by mRNA extraction from isolated EVs. NanoString nCounter technology was utilized to count the mRNA transcripts present in matched plasma, urine, tumor tissue, and normal tumor adjacent tissue samples.

Results: 770 mRNA transcripts related to gene's affecting cancer's progression and metastasis processes were evaluated. Four EV derived mRNA transcripts (ALOX5, RBL2, VEGFA, TLK2) were found specific to urine and tumor tissue samples.

Conclusion: Four candidate RCC-specific urine EV biomarkers were identified. However, due to the lack of a true negative control and urine collection techniques, further re-examination is necessary for validation. This study demonstrates the promise of defining disease-specific EV biomarkers in liquid biopsy patient samples.

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell* / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell* / pathology
  • Extracellular Vesicles* / genetics
  • Extracellular Vesicles* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Kidney Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Kidney Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Liquid Biopsy
  • Male
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • RNA, Messenger