Objective: To investigate the effects of different doses of glucocorticoids on minimally invasive procedures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and optimize the clinical pathways of minimally invasive procedures. Methods: The clinical data of 284 patients with T2DM who received minially invasive procedures from the Department of Pain Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from May 2017 to May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the main diagnostic types: spine-related group (n=148) and herpes zoster group (n=136). According to the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (GCs) per unit body surface area during the hospitalization, patients were further divided into three subgroups: low-dose group (GCs<3.5 mg/m2), medium-dose group (3.5 mg/m2 ≤GCs<7 mg/m2), and high-dose group (GCs≥7 mg/m2). The clinical characteristics of the patients in different subgroups of the two diseases groups were compared. The effects of the glucocorticoids on the pain intensity, blood glucose, length of hospital stay (LOS) and total hospitalization cost were compared among the 3 subgroups of the two diseases groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the age, gender, height, weight, visual analog scale (VAS) and fasting blood glucose before procedures between the two groups (all P>0.05). The VAS score of the low-dose group from the spine-related group was 4.5±1.6, which was higher than that of the medium-dose group (3.5±1.3) (P=0.004). VAS score was 4.3±1.3 in the medium-dose group and 4.4±1.6 in the high-dose group from the herpes zoster group, which were higher than that in the low-dose group (3.5±0.9) (P=0.006). In terms of blood glucose, the impact on the fasting blood glucose before and after the procedures in the low-dose group from the spine-related group was less than that in the medium dose group (P=0.013). In the herpes zoster group, the blood glucose of the low-dose group was (11±5) mmol/L, which had less influence on the blood glucose fluctuation during the hospitalization than that in the high-dose group [(15±5) mmol/L] (P<0.05). The LOS and hospitalization cost in the low-dose group from the spine-related group were (9±4) d and (10 583±4 851) yuan, respectively, which were less than those in the medium-dose group [(11±3) d and (15 202±7 418) yuan] and high-dose group [(13±6) d and (18 100±4 138) yuan] (all P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference among different subgroups in the herpes zoster group (all P>0.05). Conclusion: When used in the patients with T2DM undergoing minimally invasive procedures for spine-related diseases, low-dose glucocorticoids can obtain more clinical benefit than high dose, and high dose can lead to raised blood glucose, prolong the LOS, and increase the hospitalization cost.
目的： 探讨不同剂量糖皮质激素对2型糖尿病患者疼痛微创治疗的影响，为优化疼痛微创治疗的临床路径提供参考。 方法： 回顾性分析2017年5月至2020年5月在四川大学华西医院疼痛科行微创治疗的284例2型糖尿病共病患者的临床资料。根据纳入患者的主要诊断类型划分为两组：脊柱相关组（n=148）、带状疱疹组（n=136）。两类疾病中，根据患者住院期间单位体表面积糖皮质激素（GCs）使用的累积剂量划分为3个亚组：低剂量组（GCs<3.5 mg/m²）、中剂量组（3.5 mg/m²≤GCs<7 mg/m²）、高剂量组（GCs≥7 mg/m²）。比较两类疾病内部不同亚组患者的临床特征。比较两类疾病3个亚组之间不同剂量GCs对2型糖尿病共病患者行疼痛微创治疗住院期间疼痛程度、血糖、住院天数、住院总费用的影响。 结果： 两组内部不同亚组之间，患者的年龄、性别、身高、体重、治疗前疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、治疗前空腹血糖等资料差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。治疗后，脊柱相关组的低剂量组VAS评分为（4.5±1.6）分，大于中剂量组的（3.5±1.3）分（P=0.004）；带状疱疹组的中剂量组VAS评分为（4.3±1.3）分，高剂量组为（4.4±1.6）分，大于低剂量组的（3.5±0.9）分（P＝0.006）。在血糖影响方面，脊柱相关组的低剂量组对治疗前后空腹血糖的影响程度较中剂量组小（P=0.013）；带状疱疹组的低剂量组血糖为（11±5）mmol/L，对患者住院期间血糖波动的影响小于高剂量组的（15±5）mmol/L（P<0.05）。脊柱相关组的低剂量组住院天数和住院费用分别为（9±4）d、（10 583±4 851）元，均小于中剂量组的（11±3）d、（15 202±7 418）元以及高剂量组的（13±6）d、（18 100±4 138）元（均P<0.05）；带状疱疹组内不同亚组间差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。 结论： 糖皮质激素应用于2型糖尿病共病患者的疼痛微创治疗时，脊柱相关疾病应用低剂量糖皮质激素比高剂量可以获得更大的临床效益，高剂量可能导致患者继发性血糖升高，并可能会延长脊柱相关疾病患者的住院天数、增加住院费用。.