Clinical Response in Heavily Pretreated Mycosis Fungoides with Pembrolizumab: A Case Report

Acta Haematol. 2022;145(2):207-209. doi: 10.1159/000518815. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Abstract

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a disease almost impossible to cure. In the context of heavily pretreated patients, the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) pembrolizumab is a valid therapeutic option. The alteration of the PD-1-PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis is often present in MF, and this aspect explains the feasibility of this therapy. We report the case of a 60-year-old woman diagnosed with MF in 2003, Olsen stage IA (T1M0NXBO). Since the moment of the diagnosis, she received 10 lines of therapy, with a short duration of response after each one of them. In April 2020, our patient started pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks, and she achieved a partial response after the 4th cycle, consistent with the modified severity assessment tool (mSWAT) 1, which she is still maintaining after 10 cycles. No grade ≥3 adverse events were recorded. We conclude that pembrolizumab can induce extremely rapid responses in MF, with very low toxicity.

Keywords: Clinical response; Mycosis fungoides; Pembrolizumab; Refractory disease; Relapsed.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects
  • B7-H1 Antigen / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycosis Fungoides* / chemically induced
  • Mycosis Fungoides* / diagnosis
  • Mycosis Fungoides* / drug therapy
  • Skin Neoplasms* / chemically induced
  • Skin Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Skin Neoplasms* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • B7-H1 Antigen
  • pembrolizumab