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Review
. 2021 Nov 21;13(11):822.
doi: 10.3390/toxins13110822.

Alimentary Risk of Mycotoxins for Humans and Animals

Jagoda Kępińska-Pacelik  1 , Wioletta Biel  1
Affiliations
Free PMC article
Review

Alimentary Risk of Mycotoxins for Humans and Animals

Jagoda Kępińska-Pacelik et al. Toxins (Basel). .
Free PMC article

Abstract

Mycotoxins can be found in many foods consumed by humans and animals. These substances are secondary metabolites of some fungi species and are resistant to technological processes (cooking, frying, baking, distillation, fermentation). They most often contaminate products of animal (beef, pork, poultry, lamb, fish, game meat, milk) and plant origin (cereals, processed cereals, vegetables, nuts). It is estimated that about 25% of the world's harvest may be contaminated with mycotoxins. These substances damage crops and may cause mycotoxicosis. Many mycotoxins can be present in food, together with mold fungi, increasing the exposure of humans and animals to them. In this review we characterized the health risks caused by mycotoxins found in food, pet food and feed. The most important groups of mycotoxins are presented in terms of their toxicity and occurrence.

Keywords: feed; food; microbiological hazards; mycotoxins; pet food; safety.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Selected species of mold fungi producing mycotoxins. Adapted from [10,11,12].
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