Background: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is the main subtype of anal cancer and has great heterogeneity in prognosis. We aimed to construct a nomogram for predicting their 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates.
Methods: Patients with ASCC, enrolled between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017, were identified from the SEER database. They were divided into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify the prognostic factors for OS. Then a prognostic nomogram was established and validated by Harrell consistency index (C-index), area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: We identified 761 patients in training group and 326 patients in validation group. Four prognostic factors including age, sex, AJCC stage, and radiotherapy were identified and integrated to construct a prognostic nomogram. The C-index and AUC values proved the model's effectiveness and calibration plots manifested its excellent discrimination. Furthermore, in comparison to the AJCC stage, the C-index, AUC, and DCA proved the nomogram to be of good predictive value. Finally, we constructed a risk stratification model for dividing patients into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk groups, and there were obvious differences in OS.
Conclusions: A prognostic nomogram was firstly established for predicting the survival probability of ASCC patients and helping clinicians improve their risk management.
Keywords: SEER; anus squamous cell carcinoma; nomogram; prognosis; risk stratification.
© 2021 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.