Contemporary robotic cardiac surgical training

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WVa. Electronic address: vinay.badhwar@wvumedicine.org.
• ² Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WVa.
• ³ Division of Cardiac Surgery, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, Conn.
• ⁴ Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
• ⁵ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University, New York, NY.
• ⁶ Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa.
• ⁷ Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
• ⁸ Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
• ⁹ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Main Line Health Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, Pa.
• ¹⁰ Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Mass.
• ¹¹ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
• ¹² Division of Cardiac Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga.
• ¹³ Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.