Value of pharmacy services upon admission to an orthopedic surgery unit

Ahmad El Ouweini; Lamis R Karaoui; Nibal Chamoun; Chahine Assi; Kaissar Yammine; Elsy Ramia

doi:10.1186/s40545-021-00384-x

Value of pharmacy services upon admission to an orthopedic surgery unit

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2021 Dec 6;14(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s40545-021-00384-x.

Authors

Ahmad El Ouweini^{1

2}, Lamis R Karaoui¹, Nibal Chamoun^{1

2}, Chahine Assi^{2

3}, Kaissar Yammine^{2

3}, Elsy Ramia⁴

Affiliations

¹ Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box S-23, Byblos, Lebanon.
² Lebanese American University Medical Center - Rizk Hospital (LAUMC-RH), Beirut, Lebanon.
³ Lebanese American University - School of Medicine, Byblos, Lebanon.
⁴ Lebanese American University, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box S-23, Byblos, Lebanon. elsy.ramia@lau.edu.lb.

Abstract

Background: In Lebanon, the role of the pharmacist remains underestimated in the medication reconciliation process, especially in surgical departments. This study aims to assess the impact of pharmacist-conducted medication reconciliation performed within 48 h of hospital admission to the orthopedic surgical department.

Methods: This was a prospective single-arm study conducted in a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Lebanon between October 2019 and April 2020. Participants were adult inpatients hospitalized for orthopedic surgeries with ≥ 1 outpatient medications. Properly trained pharmacy resident obtained the Best Possible Medication History (BPMH) and led the reconciliation process. The primary endpoint was the number of reconciliation errors (REs) identified. Descriptive statistics were used to report participants' responses and relevant findings. Linear regression was performed with the number of REs as a continuous dependent variable using backward method. Results were assumed to be significant when p was < 0.05.

Results: The study included 100 patients with a mean age of 73.8 years, admitted for elective (54%) or emergency (46%) surgeries. Half of the study population had ≥ 5 home medications. The mean time for taking BPMH was around 8 min. A total of 110 REs were identified in 74 patient cases. The most common discrepancies consisted of medication omission (89.1%) and the most common medications involved were antihyperlipidemic agents. Twenty-four REs were judged as clinically significant, and four as serious. The most common interventions included the addition of a medication (71.9%). Most of the relayed interventions (84.5%) were accepted. The number of home medications was the only variable significantly associated with the number of REs (β 0.492; p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Pharmacy-led medication reconciliation upon admission to orthopedic surgery department can reduce reconciliation errors and improve medication safety.

Trial registration: Retrospectively registered in the Lebanon Clinical Trials Registry (LBCTR2020124680).

Keywords: Medication errors; Medication reconciliation; Orthopedic surgery; Pharmacy services.