Replication of epidemiological associations of carpal tunnel syndrome in a UK population-based cohort of over 400,000 people

A Wiberg; R W Smillie; S Dupré; A B Schmid; D L Bennett; D Furniss

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.025

Replication of epidemiological associations of carpal tunnel syndrome in a UK population-based cohort of over 400,000 people

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022 Mar;75(3):1034-1040. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.025. Epub 2021 Nov 14.

Authors

A Wiberg¹, R W Smillie², S Dupré², A B Schmid³, D L Bennett³, D Furniss⁴

Affiliations

¹ Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
² Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
³ Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
⁴ Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. Electronic address: dominic.furniss@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.

Abstract

Introduction: Several phenotypic factors are associated in the literature with an increased risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Along with female sex and older age, certain systemic diseases show an association with CTS, with varying degrees of evidence.

Methods: This study was performed using the UK Biobank resource - a cohort study of over 500,000 participants who have allowed linkage of phenotypic data with their medical records. We calculated the prevalence of CTS and a sex-specific prevalence ratio and compared the body mass index (BMI) between cases and controls. We performed a series of nested case-control studies to compute odds ratios for the association between CTS and three systemic diseases.

Results: There were 12,312 CTS cases within the curated UK Biobank dataset of 401,656 (3.1% prevalence), and the female:male ratio was 1.95:1. CTS cases had, on average, a BMI > 2.0 kg/m² greater than controls. Odds ratios for the association with CTS for three systemic diseases were 2.31 (95% CI 2.17-2.46) for diabetes, 2.70 (95% CI 2.44-2.99) for rheumatoid arthritis, and 1.47 (95% CI 1.38-1.57) for hypothyroidism. Adjusted for BMI, these odds ratios fell to 1.75 (95% CI 1.65-1.86), 2.43 (95% CI 2.20-2.69), and 1.35 (95% CI 1.26-1.43), respectively.

Discussion: We harnessed the size and power of UK Biobank to provide robust replication of evidence for the associations between CTS and female sex, raised BMI, and three systemic diseases, which are only mediated in part by raised BMI.

Keywords: BMI; Carpal tunnel syndrome; Diabetes; Hypothyroidism; Reproducibility; Rheumatoid arthritis; UK Biobank.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Body Mass Index
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome* / complications
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome* / epidemiology
Case-Control Studies
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Male
Risk Factors
United Kingdom / epidemiology

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding