Enhancement pattern of differentiated and undifferentiated gastric carcinoma on multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography

Baphiralyne Wankhar; Aman Yusuf Khan; Vandana Raphael; Dathiadiam Tongper; Donkupar Khongwar; Kyrshanlang G Lynrah

doi:10.5114/pjr.2021.111427

Enhancement pattern of differentiated and undifferentiated gastric carcinoma on multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography

Pol J Radiol. 2021 Nov 22:86:e630-e637. doi: 10.5114/pjr.2021.111427. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Baphiralyne Wankhar¹, Aman Yusuf Khan¹, Vandana Raphael², Dathiadiam Tongper³, Donkupar Khongwar³, Kyrshanlang G Lynrah⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, Northeastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
² Department of Pathology, Northeastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
³ Department of Surgery, Northeastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
⁴ Department of General Medicine, Northeastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the enhancement pattern of differentiated and undifferentiated gastric carcinoma on multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT).

Material and methods: Seventy patients with biopsy-proven gastric cancer underwent multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT. The CT protocol include plain, arterial, portal venous, and hepatic venous phase. Tumour size, location, peak-enhancement characteristics, and staging were evaluated.

Results: The peak-enhancement type was 'arterial' in 20 out of 28 within the differentiated-type GCAs and 'portalvenous' in 37 out of 42 within the undifferentiated-type GCAs (c² statistic with Yates correction = 23.3981, p < 0.00001). The maximum attenuation value was statistically significant for the arterial phase between differentiated and undifferentiated GCAs (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Assessing peak-enhancement in a multiphasic CT can help identify the histological subcategory of gastric carcinomas that has prognostic significance. Arterial phase peak-enhancement is frequently seen in differentiated carcinomas whereas venous phase peak-enhancement is seen in undifferentiated carcinomas.

Keywords: enhancement pattern; gastric carcinoma; multiphasic CT.