The effect of the diet of nitrogen-free analogs of essential amino acids on chronic kidney disease deterioration: A meta-analysis

Ther Apher Dial. 2022 Oct;26(5):879-888. doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.13795. Epub 2022 Jan 20.

Abstract

Introduction: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of the diet of nitrogen-free analogs of essential amino acids on chronic kidney disease deterioration.

Methods: A systematic literature search up-to September 2021 was done and 14 studies included 1574 subjects with chronic kidney disease at the start of the study; 786 of them had the very low-protein diets supplemented with nitrogen-free analogs and 788 had the conventional low-protein diet.

Results: Very low-protein diet supplemented with nitrogen-free analogs had significantly higher estimated glomerular filtration rate, lower serum creatinine, and lower blood urea nitrogen; however, it had no significant difference in serum albumin, serum cholesterol, serum phosphorous, serum calcium, and parathyroid hormone compared to conventional low-protein diet in subjects with chronic kidney disease.

Conclusion: The very low-protein diets supplemented with nitrogen-free analogs had significantly better kidney functions results compared to the conventional low-protein diets in subjects with chronic kidney disease. Further studies are required to validate these findings.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; conventional low-protein diet; kidney functions; nitrogen-free analogs; nutrition status.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acids, Essential
  • Diet
  • Dietary Proteins
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic* / metabolism
  • Nitrogen / metabolism
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / therapy

Substances

  • Amino Acids, Essential
  • Dietary Proteins
  • Nitrogen