The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has developed into a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, and is associated with high mortality. Some SARS-CoV-2 mutants are reported to be highly transmissible and pathogenic, and even have the potential to escape immune response. Distinct immune signatures exist between symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients vary by age group. Currently, there are no proven effective therapeutics for COVID-19 and therefore controlling the spread of COVID-19 relies on the inoculation of vaccines, such as nucleic vaccines, inactivated vaccines, viral vector vaccines and protein vaccines. Here we summarized the progresses on the variants, clinical characteristics, treatments and vaccines for COVID-19.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019年冠状病毒疾病（COVID-19）已经在全球多个国家引起大流行，该病毒传染性强、致死率高，部分变异株在病毒传播性、致病性和免疫原性等多方面发生变化。无症状感染和有症状感染的COVID-19患者在免疫特征上存在异质性；不同年龄阶段的COVID-19患者的临床表现也不尽相同。目前无治疗COVID-19的特效药物，疫情控制需依赖新型冠状病毒疫苗的接种，如核酸疫苗、灭活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、蛋白质疫苗等。本文通过对新型冠状病毒的变异、临床表现、治疗和疫苗等方面文献的复习，展现目前相关研究的进展。.