Poor treatment tolerance in head and neck cancer patients with low muscle mass

Head Neck. 2022 Apr;44(4):844-850. doi: 10.1002/hed.26978. Epub 2022 Jan 12.

Abstract

Background: We ascertain the role of a low cervical paraspinal skeletal muscle index (CPSMI) as a biomarker for poor treatment tolerance in patients with operable mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: A prospective cohort of patients with operable HNSCC requiring microvascular reconstruction was evaluated. Low CPSMI was calculated using preoperative CT neck imaging. Poor treatment tolerance, a composite measure of incomplete therapy or severe morbidity/mortality during treatment, was the primary outcome.

Results: One hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent extirpative surgery with a mean age was 60.5. Poor treatment tolerance occurred in 71 (56%) patients with 21 not completing recommended adjuvant therapy and 66 having severe treatment-related morbidity. A low CPSMI was independently associated with poor treatment tolerance (OR 2.49, 95%CI 1.10-5.93) and delay to adjuvant therapy (OR 4.48, 95%CI 1.07-27.6) after adjusting for multiple confounders.

Conclusion: Low CPSMI was independently associated with poor treatment tolerance in patients with operable HNSCC.

Keywords: delay to adjuvant therapy; head and neck cancer; sarcopenia; treatment tolerance.

MeSH terms

  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle, Skeletal / diagnostic imaging
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sarcopenia* / complications
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / pathology