The effect of ginger supplementation on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Armin Ebrahimzadeh; Anahita Ebrahimzadeh; Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari; Ebrahim Hazrati; Saeid Hadi; Alireza Milajerdi

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102802

The effect of ginger supplementation on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Complement Ther Med. 2022 May:65:102802. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102802. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Authors

Armin Ebrahimzadeh¹, Anahita Ebrahimzadeh², Sayid Mahdi Mirghazanfari³, Ebrahim Hazrati⁴, Saeid Hadi⁵, Alireza Milajerdi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
² Homaijan health care center, deputy of health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
³ Department of Physiology and Iranian Medicine, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Health, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: amkhv@yahoo.com.

PMID: 35031435
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102802

Abstract

Background: There is some evidence regarding the positive effects of ginger supplementation on metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, they are conflicting. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize earlier findings for the effect of ginger supplementation on metabolic profile in patients with T2DM.

Methods: Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched up until September 2021 to collect all randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effect of ginger supplementation on FBS, HbA₁c, TC, TG, LDL, HDL, SBP and DBP in patients with T2DM. We conducted our study according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. We included only English language publications. Pooled effect sizes were measured using a random-effects model and were reported as the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI. In addition, the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool was used to evaluate quality of the trials.

Results: In overall, 10 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Our pooled meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in FBS following ginger supplementation by polling 8 effect sizes [weighted mean difference (WMD): - 18.81; 95% CI: - 28.70, - 8.92), I² = 77.4%] and in HbA₁C through 7 effect sizes (WMD: -0.57; 95% CI: -0.93, -0.20, I² =88.6%). Pooling 5 effect sizes, we found a significant reduction in SBP (WMD: -4.20; 95% CI: -7.64, -0.77, I2 =97%) and DBP [WMD: - 1.61; 95% CI: - 3.04, - 0.18), I2 = 93.2%] after supplementation with ginger. However, our pooled meta-analysis indicated that ginger supplementation had no significant influence on lipid profile involving TG, TC, LDL and HDL.

Conclusions: We found significant reductions in FBS, HbA₁C, SBP and DBP after supplementation with ginger in patients with T2DM compared to control group, with no significant changes in serum lipids. Further large RCTs are required to shed light on this issue.

Keywords: Blood glucose; Blood pressure; Dyslipidemias; Ginger; Type 2 Diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
Dietary Supplements
Humans
Metabolome
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Zingiber officinale*