Details of cerebellar afferent projections from the vestibular nuclei were investigated by the method of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the cat. The distribution of labeled cells in the vestibular nuclei following HRP injections in various parts of the cerebellum indicates that vestibular neurons in the medial and descending nuclei and cell groups f and x project bilaterally to the entire cerebellar vermis, the flocculus, the fastigal nucleus and the anterior and posterior interpositus nuclei. In addition, labeled cells (giant, medium and small) were consistently found bilaterally in the superior and lateral vestibular nuclei following HRP injections in the nodulus, flocculus, fastigal nucleus, and following large injections in the vermis. No labeled cells were observed in cases of HRP injections in crus I and II, the paramedian lobule, paraflocculus and lateral cerebellar nuclei. The present findings indicate that secondary vestibulocerebellar fibers project to larger areas in the cerebellum and originate from more subdivisions and cell groups of the vestibular nuclear complex than previously known.