The Prognostic Role of Cyclin D1 in Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2022 Jan-Dec:21:15330338211065252. doi: 10.1177/15330338211065252.

Abstract

Purpose: Cyclin D1 has been identified as a proto-oncogene associated with the uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the prognostic significance of cyclin D1 in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Method: We searched for qualified data in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to February 2020. Data quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the relationship between cyclin D1 expression and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS)/event-free survival (EFS) in patients with MM. Result: A total of 13 studies involving 961 patients were included. Overall, pooled analysis revealed significant heterogeneity between cyclin D1 expression and the prognosis of MM (OS, HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.71-1.64, I2 = 67.9%; PFS/EFS, HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.49-1.93, I2 = 85.8%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prolongation of OS was relevant to increased expression of cyclin D1 in MM patients in the relapsed and refractory group (OS, HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.90). Another subgroup assessment of OS established that MM patients with CCND1 overexpression in the bortezomib group had longer survival time (HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.11-0.82), whereas, those overexpressing CCND1 in the conventional chemotherapy group had poor prognosis (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.18-4.08). We also found that increased cyclin D1 expression correlated favorably with PFS in the autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (HR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28-0.73) or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) group (HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.64). Conclusion: The result of this meta-analysis suggested that CCND1 overexpression might be a predictive biomarker for MM patients when treated with bortezomib, receiving ASCT, or in relapsed and refractory period.

Keywords: bortezomib; cyclin D1; meta-analysis; multiple myeloma; prognosis.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor*
  • Cyclin D1 / genetics
  • Cyclin D1 / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis
  • Multiple Myeloma / etiology*
  • Multiple Myeloma / mortality*
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Prognosis
  • Publication Bias
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CCND1 protein, human
  • Cyclin D1