Impact of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on mental health of the hospital front-line healthcare workers in Chile: a difference-in-differences approach

J Public Health (Oxf). 2023 Mar 14;45(1):e57-e64. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac008.

Abstract

Background: Most of the evidence about impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) comes from symptom questionnaires. It is important to evaluate main mental health diagnoses in hospital front-line HCW's during the early acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.

Methods: An individual-level cross-sectional study using administrative data was conducted. A Difference-in-Difference (DiD) approach was used to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sick leave rates of depression, anxiety and acute stress reaction among hospital front-line HCW's in comparison with other private insured workers.

Results: DiD estimates showed a significant reduction of depression (17%), anxiety (8%) and acute stress reaction (8%) sick leave rate, in the front-line HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reduction of the three mental disorders sick leave rates was higher in men than women. Except for depression, front-line HCW's from the Santiago region's sick leave rates of anxiety and acute stress reaction decreased more than other regions'.

Conclusion: Opposite to our hypothesis the results suggests a remarkable resilience level and compromise of front-line HCW's. To address threats to the mental health of HCW's is key to promotes programs for their psychological well-being and safety.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chile; healthcare workers; mental disorders; resilience; sick leave.

MeSH terms

  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Chile / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Female
  • Health Personnel
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Health*
  • Pandemics
  • Personnel, Hospital