AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs Ameliorating Effects on The Metabolic and Hepato-renal Abnormalities in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Shady G El-Sawah; Hanan M Rashwan; Fayez Althobaiti; Adil Aldhahrani; Eman Fayad; El-Shaimaa Shabana; Ehab I El-Hallous; Rehab M Amen

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.067

AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs Ameliorating Effects on The Metabolic and Hepato-renal Abnormalities in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022 Feb;29(2):1053-1060. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.067. Epub 2021 Sep 30.

Authors

Shady G El-Sawah¹, Hanan M Rashwan¹, Fayez Althobaiti², Adil Aldhahrani³, Eman Fayad², El-Shaimaa Shabana⁴, Ehab I El-Hallous⁵, Rehab M Amen⁶

Affiliations

¹ Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt.
² Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
³ Clinical Laboratory Science Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Fellow of Biochemistry, Genetic Unit, Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
⁵ Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Biology Department, College of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, P.O. Box 344, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most serious threats in the 21th century throughout the human population that needs to be addressed cautiously. Nowadays, stem cell injection is considered among the most promising protocols for DM therapy; owing to its marked tissues and organs repair capability. Therefore, our 4 weeks study was undertaken to elucidate the probable beneficial effects of two types of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on metabolism disturbance and some tissue function defects in diabetic rats. Animals were classified into 4 groups; the control group, the diabetic group, the diabetic group received a single dose of adipose tissue-derived MSCs and the diabetic group received a single dose of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Herein, both MSCs treated groups markedly reduced hyperglycemia resulting from diabetes induction via lowering serum glucose and rising insulin and C-peptide levels, compared to the diabetic group. Moreover, the increased lipid fractions levels were reverted back to near normal values as a consequence to MSCs injection compared to the diabetic untreated rats. Furthermore, both MSCs types were found to have hepato-renal protective effects indicated through the decreased serum levels of both liver and kidney functions markers in the treated diabetic rats. Taken together, our results highlighted the therapeutic benefits of both MSCs types in alleviating metabolic anomalies and hepato-renal diabetic complications.

Keywords: AD-MSCs, Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; AGEs, Advanced glycation end products; ALP, Alkaline phosphatase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; BM-MSCs, Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CD, Cluster of differentiation; D, Diabetic; DM, Diabetes mellitus; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; DN, Diabetic nephropathy; Diabetes; Diabetic nephropathy; FBG, Fasting blood glucose; FBS, Fetal bovine serum; HDL-C, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HO-1, Heme-oxygenase 1; HbA1c, Glycosylated hemoglobin; Hyperlipidemia; IPCs, Insulin producing cells; ISCT, International Society for Cellular Therapy; LDL-C, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LPO, Lipid peroxidation; MSCs; MSCs, Mesenchymal stem cells; PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; SEM, Standard error of mean; SPSS, Statistical Package for Social Scientists; STZ, Streptozotocin; T1DM, Type 1 diabetes mellitus; TC, Total cholesterol; TG, Triglycerides; TL, Total lipids; γ-GT, gamma glutamyl transferase.