Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurons seem to play an important role in regulation of movements in all parts of the gut. Inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurons mediate a number of descending and ascending reflex effects of physiological and pathophysiological relevance. However, our knowledge in this field is still limited. Development of specific blockers for the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitter substances would help to increase our understanding of gastrointestinal motor functions in health and disease.