Resolution of lobe collapse in a child with cystic fibrosis with Mycobacterium abscessus using serial intrabronchial rhDNase

Pediatr Pulmonol. 2022 Jun;57(6):1549-1551. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25902. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Abstract

An eight-year-old girl with cysticfibrosis (CF) developed a left upper lobe collapse failing to resolve withinitial conventional antibiotic treatment, mucolytics and intensifiedphysiotherapy. Mycobacterium abscessus was isolated from her sputum. Bronchoscopy revealed thick viscousmucus plugging of the left upper lobe bronchus with complete obliteration.Three bronchoscopies with saline lavage and Dornase alfa, a rhDNase, at the endof each procedure resulted in removal of this mucus plug and the re-inflationof the affected lobe, with clinical and radiological resolution. The use of flexible bronchoscopy as a 'secondary' treatment with 0.9% saline lavage and instillation of rhDNase isdescribed sparsely in the literature. This is the first reported successfultherapeutic resolution of a lung collapse in a CF patient with Mycobacteriumabscessus, with sequential therapeutic bronchoscopies with instillation ofDornase alfa. This should be considered for lobar collapse in CF not respondingto the standard therapeutic regime.

Keywords: Dornase alfa; bronchoscopy; pediatric; respiratory.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / complications
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / drug therapy
  • Deoxyribonuclease I / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mycobacterium abscessus*
  • Pulmonary Atelectasis*
  • Recombinant Proteins / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Deoxyribonuclease I
  • dornase alfa