Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Wastewater and Reported Cases, Hospitalizations, and Vaccinations in Milan, March 2020 to November 2021

doi:10.1001/jama.2022.4908

. 2022 May 17;327(19):1922-1924.

doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.4908.

Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Wastewater and Reported Cases, Hospitalizations, and Vaccinations in Milan, March 2020 to November 2021

Giovanni Nattino¹, Sara Castiglioni², Danilo Cereda³, Petra Giulia Della Valle⁴, Laura Pellegrinelli⁵, Guido Bertolini¹, Elena Pariani⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Ranica, Italy.
² Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
³ Directorate General for Health, Lombardy Region, Milan, Italy.
⁴ Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.

PMID: 35363259
PMCID: PMC9115613
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.4908

Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Wastewater and Reported Cases, Hospitalizations, and Vaccinations in Milan, March 2020 to November 2021

Giovanni Nattino et al. JAMA. 2022.

. 2022 May 17;327(19):1922-1924.

doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.4908.

Authors

Giovanni Nattino¹, Sara Castiglioni², Danilo Cereda³, Petra Giulia Della Valle⁴, Laura Pellegrinelli⁵, Guido Bertolini¹, Elena Pariani⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Ranica, Italy.
² Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy.
³ Directorate General for Health, Lombardy Region, Milan, Italy.
⁴ Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.

PMID: 35363259
PMCID: PMC9115613
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.4908

Abstract

This study evaluates the association between SARS-CoV-2 load in urban wastewater and surveillance indicators of infection prevalence and severity in Milan, Italy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.

Figures

**Figure 1.. SARS-CoV-2–Positive Cases and Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19**
A, Estimate of the daily number of positive cases and B, hospitalized patients actively shedding SARS-CoV-2, based on the data of new positives and newly hospitalized patients in Milan, Italy.

**Figure 2.. SARS-CoV-2 Load in Urban Wastewater**
SARS-CoV-2 load in wastewater (individual points) in Milan, Italy, and daily estimate with 95% CIs (smoothed line and shaded area).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Bivins A, North D, Ahmad A, et al. . Wastewater-based epidemiology: global collaborative to maximize contributions in the fight against COVID-19. Environ Sci Technol. 2020;54(13):7754-7757. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c02388 - DOI - PubMed
1. Thompson JR, Nancharaiah YV, Gu X, et al. . Making waves: wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for population-based health management. Water Res. 2020;184:116181. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116181 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Medema G, Heijnen L, Elsinga G, Italiaander R, Brouwer A. Presence of SARS-coronavirus-2 RNA in sewage and correlation with reported COVID-19 prevalence in the early stage of the epidemic in the Netherlands. Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2020;7(7):511-516. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00357 - DOI - PubMed
1. Hart OE, Halden RU. Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 surveillance by wastewater-based epidemiology locally and globally: feasibility, economy, opportunities and challenges. Sci Total Environ. 2020;730:138875. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138875 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. UK Health Security Agency . SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation. Published online December 23, 2021. Accessed January 7, 2022. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploa...

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[1] Bivins A, North D, Ahmad A, et al. . Wastewater-based epidemiology: global collaborative to maximize contributions in the fight against COVID-19. Environ Sci Technol. 2020;54(13):7754-7757. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c02388 - DOI - PubMed

[2] Bivins A, North D, Ahmad A, et al. . Wastewater-based epidemiology: global collaborative to maximize contributions in the fight against COVID-19. Environ Sci Technol. 2020;54(13):7754-7757. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c02388 - DOI - PubMed

[3] Thompson JR, Nancharaiah YV, Gu X, et al. . Making waves: wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for population-based health management. Water Res. 2020;184:116181. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116181 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Thompson JR, Nancharaiah YV, Gu X, et al. . Making waves: wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 for population-based health management. Water Res. 2020;184:116181. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116181 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Medema G, Heijnen L, Elsinga G, Italiaander R, Brouwer A. Presence of SARS-coronavirus-2 RNA in sewage and correlation with reported COVID-19 prevalence in the early stage of the epidemic in the Netherlands. Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2020;7(7):511-516. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00357 - DOI - PubMed

[6] Medema G, Heijnen L, Elsinga G, Italiaander R, Brouwer A. Presence of SARS-coronavirus-2 RNA in sewage and correlation with reported COVID-19 prevalence in the early stage of the epidemic in the Netherlands. Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2020;7(7):511-516. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00357 - DOI - PubMed

[7] Hart OE, Halden RU. Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 surveillance by wastewater-based epidemiology locally and globally: feasibility, economy, opportunities and challenges. Sci Total Environ. 2020;730:138875. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138875 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Hart OE, Halden RU. Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 surveillance by wastewater-based epidemiology locally and globally: feasibility, economy, opportunities and challenges. Sci Total Environ. 2020;730:138875. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138875 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] UK Health Security Agency . SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation. Published online December 23, 2021. Accessed January 7, 2022. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploa...

[10] UK Health Security Agency . SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation. Published online December 23, 2021. Accessed January 7, 2022. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploa...

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Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Wastewater and Reported Cases, Hospitalizations, and Vaccinations in Milan, March 2020 to November 2021

Affiliations

Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Wastewater and Reported Cases, Hospitalizations, and Vaccinations in Milan, March 2020 to November 2021

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