Effect of solvent type on ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from Ficaria kochii: Optimization by response surface methodology

Abstract

The optimization of extraction conditions to recover antioxidant rich extract from plant of Ficaria Kochii with an ultrasound-assisted system was achieved by response surface methodology. The rotatable central composite design (RCCD) was used to optimize extraction parameters in terms of total phenolic and total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. The optimum conditions for extraction by methanol were: ratio of solvent to raw material, 10%; extraction time, 50 min and extraction temperature, 60 °C. Under these conditions, the obtained total phenolic content 46.379 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry matter and total flavonoid content 11.754 mg quercetin equivalents/g dry matter with antioxidant property (DPPH: the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity) was 89.548%. Also, the optimum operating conditions for extraction by water were: ratio of solvent to raw material, 10%; extraction time, 30 min and extraction temperature, 40 °C. Under these conditions, the obtained total phenolic content 51.112 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry matter and total flavonoid content 4.331 mg quercetin equivalents/g dry matter with antioxidant property was 97.004%. This study suggests that the antioxidant rich extract from plant of Ficaria Kochii can be a candidate for food antioxidant and Due to these features, this extract can be used in food storage.

Keywords: Antioxidant activity; Methanol extraction; Optimization; Response surface methodology; Ultrasound-assisted system; Water extraction.