Zebras Seize the Day: Rare Causes of Status Epilepticus Across the Continuum of Critical Care

Dana Harrar; Lileth Mondok; Samuel Adams; Raquel Farias-Moeller

doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.006

Zebras Seize the Day: Rare Causes of Status Epilepticus Across the Continuum of Critical Care

Crit Care Clin. 2022 Apr;38(2):349-373. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.006.

Authors

Dana Harrar¹, Lileth Mondok², Samuel Adams², Raquel Farias-Moeller³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
² Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Children's Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd St, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA.
³ Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Children's Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, 999 N 92nd St, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA. Electronic address: rfarias@mcw.edu.

PMID: 35369951
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2021.11.006

Abstract

Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurologic emergency and is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The management of SE in the intensive care unit centers on stabilization and treatment, as well as identifying and treating the underlying etiology. Numerous etiologies of SE are amenable to treatment, including certain genetic and metabolic disorders, autoimmune encephalitis and other inflammatory disorders, intracranial infections, and toxic/metabolic derangements. This article highlights rare but important causes of SE across the continuum of care from neonates to adults.

Keywords: Autoimmune encephalopathy; Epileptic encephalopathy; Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome; New-onset refractory status epilepticus; Status epilepticus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Critical Care
Encephalitis* / complications
Equidae
Humans
Intensive Care Units
Status Epilepticus* / etiology
Status Epilepticus* / therapy