Late onset cardiovascular dysfunction in adult mice resulting from galactic cosmic ray exposure

Muath Bishawi; Franklin H Lee; Dennis M Abraham; Carolyn Glass; Stephanie J Blocker; Daniel J Cox; Zachary D Brown; Howard A Rockman; Lan Mao; Tony C Slaba; Mark W Dewhirst; George A Truskey; Dawn E Bowles

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104086

Late onset cardiovascular dysfunction in adult mice resulting from galactic cosmic ray exposure

iScience. 2022 Mar 16;25(4):104086. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104086. eCollection 2022 Apr 15.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, MRSB1 Rm. 421b, 203 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
² Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
³ Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
⁶ NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, USA.
⁷ Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Abstract

The complex and inaccessible space radiation environment poses an unresolved risk to astronaut cardiovascular health during long-term space exploration missions. To model this risk, healthy male c57BL/6 mice aged six months (corresponding to an astronaut of 34 years) were exposed to simplified galactic cosmic ray (GCR_5-ion; 5-ion sim) irradiation at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Laboratories (BNL). Multi-modal cardiovascular functional assessments performed longitudinally and terminally revealed significant impairment in cardiac function in mice exposed to GCR_5-ion compared to unirradiated controls, gamma irradiation, or single mono-energetic ions (⁵⁶Fe or ¹⁶O). GCR_5-ion-treated mice exhibited increased arterial elastance likely mediated by disruption of elastin fibers. This study suggests that a single exposure to GCR_5-ion is associated with deterioration in cardiac structure and function that becomes apparent long after exposure, likely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. These findings represent important health considerations when preparing for successful space exploration.

Keywords: Animal physiology; Cardiovascular medicine; Exposure; Model organism; Space medicine.

Abstract

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