4D printing induced by microwave and ultrasound for mushroom mixtures: Efficient conversion of ergosterol into vitamin D2

Jieling Chen; Min Zhang; Arun S Mujumdar; Pattarapon Phuhongsunge

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132840

4D printing induced by microwave and ultrasound for mushroom mixtures: Efficient conversion of ergosterol into vitamin D₂

Food Chem. 2022 Sep 1:387:132840. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132840. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Authors

Jieling Chen¹, Min Zhang², Arun S Mujumdar³, Pattarapon Phuhongsunge⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: min@jiangnan.edu.cn.
³ Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.

PMID: 35405556
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132840

Abstract

This study hoped to use microwave and ultrasound combined with 4D printing technology to promote the conversion of ergosterol into vitamin D₂ in printing model with mushroom scraps. Under the UV irradiation, the conversion was different in the printed model with different irradiation areas and different physical field pretreatment. Compared with raw materials, vitamin D2 concentrations in the printed models was 4.6 time higher. Vitamin D₂ in the product after physical field pretreatment was 2.2-3.8 times higher than that without pretreatment. From partial least square regression (PLS) analysis, irradiation area had the greatest impact while ultrasound treatment had the least. Pretreatment enhanced vitamin D₂ content, possibly because pretreatment meant ergosterol was more susceptible to UV radiation, and expansion of the irradiated area increased the beneficial effect. This study established an artificial neural network model to predict ergosterol and vitamin D₂ content.

Keywords: 4D printing; Ergosterol; Microwave; Nutrition transformation; Shiitake mushroom scraps; Ultrasonic; Vitamin D(2).

MeSH terms

Agaricales*
Ergocalciferols* / analysis
Ergosterol / analysis
Microwaves
Printing, Three-Dimensional
Ultraviolet Rays
Vitamin D

Substances

Ergocalciferols
Vitamin D
Ergosterol