Examining the association of student mental health and food security with college GPA

J Am Coll Health. 2024 Apr;72(3):819-825. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2058327. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Abstract

Background: Low food security and poor mental health are a persistent concern for college students.

Objective: Examine how food security and mental health are associated with college student's grade point average (GPA).

Methods: American College Health Association (ACHA)-National College Health Assessment III survey data Spring 2020 of students from 75 US universities (n = 48,103) were utilized to examine relationships among mental health, food security and academic performance (GPA).

Results: The majority of the population self-reported high food security (58.3%) and moderate psychological distress (50.8%). Very low food security (B = -.523, OR = .59, p < .001) and moderate psychological distress (B = -0.19, OR = .83, p < .001) were inversely associated with high GPA. Reduced food security was associated with worse mental health measures.

Conclusions: Food security and mental health are negatively associated with GPA. To improve student success, universities must enhance services that address food insecurity and mental health.

Keywords: Academic performance; food insecurity; loneliness; psychological distress; psychological well-being.

MeSH terms

  • Food Security
  • Food Supply
  • Humans
  • Mental Health*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Students* / psychology
  • Universities