Dietary Supplementation With Fine-Grinding Wheat Bran Improves Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Response via Modulating the Gut Microbiota Structure in Pregnant Sow

Zijie Wang; Yifan Chen; Wenhui Wang; Caiyun Huang; Yongfei Hu; Lee Johnston; Fenglai Wang

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.835950

Dietary Supplementation With Fine-Grinding Wheat Bran Improves Lipid Metabolism and Inflammatory Response via Modulating the Gut Microbiota Structure in Pregnant Sow

Front Microbiol. 2022 Mar 24:13:835950. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.835950. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Zijie Wang¹, Yifan Chen², Wenhui Wang¹, Caiyun Huang³, Yongfei Hu¹, Lee Johnston⁴, Fenglai Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
² College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
³ College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
⁴ Swine Nutrition and Production, West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN, United States.

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of fine-grinding wheat bran on pregnant sow body condition, lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and gut microbiota. In this study, wheat bran was crushed into three particle sizes. A total of 60 Landrace × Yorkshire second parity sows were allotted to two groups: CWB (a diet containing coarse wheat bran with particle size of 605 μm) and FWB (a diet containing fine wheat bran with particle size of 438 μm). Fine-grinding wheat bran had higher soluble dietary fiber concentration, swelling capacity, water-holding capacity, and fermentability than coarse wheat bran. Pregnant sows fed FWB throughout pregnancy had lower body weight and fat deposition than sows fed CWB. And the piglet body weight at birth of the FWB group was remarkably increased. Serum concentrations of lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, and free fatty acid), interleukin 6, leptin, and resistin were decreased on day 90 of pregnancy by fine wheat bran supplementation. Feeding FWB significantly decreased abundance of Firmicutes and dramatically increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes at phylum level. At genus level, the abundance of Terrisporobacter was decreased in FWB feeding sows, but the abundance of Parabacteroides was increased. Fecal total short-chain fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate contents were markedly increased in the FWB group. The results suggested that the physicochemical properties of finely ground wheat bran had been improved. Dietary supplementation with fine wheat bran changed the gut microbiota structure and enhanced the short-chain fatty acids level, which improved the maternal body condition, metabolic and inflammatory status, and reproductive performance in sows.

Keywords: fine-grinding wheat bran; gut microbiota; inflammation; lipid metabolism; pregnant sow.