Objective: The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of Wonders & Worries, a psychosocial intervention for children who have a parent with cancer. Primary goals were to improve family quality of life, functioning and communication skills as reported by parent and child, enhance children's emotional/behavioral adjustment and parenting efficacy, while decreasing parenting concerns and ill parents' depression and anxiety.
Methods: Sixty families were recruited from a community based non-profit agency. Parents diagnosed with Stage I-III cancer and their children ages 5-14 years were enrolled and randomized into intervention (n = 32) or wait-list control groups (n = 28). Families received 2 parent consults, six weekly 1-h individual child sessions, and 1 treatment center tour. The intervention was comprised of an age-appropriate understanding of cancer and expression of feelings, coping skills to ease feelings related to parent's cancer and enhanced ability to communicate about the disease. Controls received parent consult and access to W & W resources. Data were obtained from standardized measures at baseline; 6 and 10 weeks follow up.
Results: Intervention group significantly improved on parenting concerns, parenting self-efficacy, and family quality of life. Children in the intervention group had significantly lower emotional and behavioral problems and worries related to cancer compared to controls. The intervention failed to significantly affect ill parent's anxiety, depressed mood, family functioning and child's anxiety.
Conclusions: The Wonders & Worries intervention promoted positive adaptation for ill parents and their children. This intervention is promising enough to warrant further refinement and testing with larger, more diverse samples.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02758639.
Keywords: cancer; child adjustment; clinical trial; oncology; parental cancer; psychosocial functioning; psychosocial intervention.
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