Maternal Phthalate and Bisphenol Urine Concentrations during Pregnancy and Early Markers of Arterial Health in Children

Environ Health Perspect. 2022 Apr;130(4):47007. doi: 10.1289/EHP10293. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Abstract

Background: Fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as phthalates and bisphenols might lead to fetal cardiovascular developmental adaptations and predispose individuals to cardiovascular disease in later life.

Objectives: We examined the associations of maternal urinary bisphenol and phthalate concentrations in pregnancy with offspring carotid intima-media thickness and distensibility at the age of 10 y.

Methods: In a population-based, prospective cohort study of 935 mother-child pairs, we measured maternal urinary phthalate and bisphenol concentrations at each trimester. Later, we measured child carotid intima-media thickness and distensibility in the children at age 10 y using ultrasound.

Results: Maternal urinary average or trimester-specific phthalate concentrations were not associated with child carotid intima-media thickness at age 10 y. Higher maternal average concentrations of total bisphenol, especially bisphenol A, were associated with a lower carotid intima-media thickness [differences -0.15 standard deviation score and 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.24, -0.09 and -0.13 (95% CI: -0.22, -0.04) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in maternal urinary total bisphenol and bisphenol A concentration]. Trimester-specific analysis showed that higher maternal third-trimester total bisphenol and bisphenol A concentrations were associated with lower child carotid intima-media thickness [differences -0.13 (95% CI: -0.22, -0.04) and -0.13 (95% CI: -0.22, -0.05) per IQR increase in maternal urinary bisphenol concentration]. Maternal urinary bisphenol or phthalate concentrations were not associated with child carotid distensibility.

Discussion: In this large prospective cohort, higher maternal urinary bisphenols concentrations were associated with smaller childhood carotid intima-media thickness. Further studies are needed to replicate this association and to identify potential underlying mechanisms. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10293.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Biomarkers
  • Bisphenol A Compounds
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Maternal Exposure
  • Phenols
  • Phthalic Acids*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Biomarkers
  • Phenols
  • Phthalic Acids
  • phthalic acid
  • bisphenol A
  • Bisphenol A Compounds