National Trends and Disparities in Bullying and Suicidal Behavior Across Demographic Subgroups of US Adolescents

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Dec;61(12):1435-1444. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.04.011. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Abstract

Objective: Suicidal behavior and bullying victimization are important indicators of adolescent psychological distress, and are patterned by sex, race/ethnicity and sexual identity. This study aimed to estimate trends and disparities in these factors along with key demographics.

Method: Youth Risk Behavior Survey data (2015-2019, N = 44,066) were collected biennially through national cross-sectional surveys of US school-attending adolescents. Survey-weighted logistic regressions examined disparities in past-year bullying and suicidal behavior, overall and by demographics.

Results: Bullying in 2019 was highest for female (vs male) students (odds ratio [OR] = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.62, 2.06), American Indian/Alaskan Native (vs White) students (OR = 1.48, 95% 0.91, 2.41, p > .05), and gay/lesbian (vs heterosexual) students (OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.07, 3.81). Suicidal behavior disparities affected similar groups. There was minimal evidence for shifts in disparities since 2015, with the exception of bullying for gay/lesbian adolescents. The prevalence of bullying victimization among gay and lesbian adolescents went from 31.6% to 44.5% between 2015 and 2019, surpassing the bisexual and "Not Sure" groups to be the sexual identity group with the highest rate of bullying victimization.

Conclusion: Interventions that operate on multiple structural levels and empower marginalized youth are needed.

Keywords: adolescents; bullying; disparities; suicide; trends.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Bullying*
  • Crime Victims* / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Ethnicity
  • Female
  • Homosexuality, Female* / psychology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Suicidal Ideation