Efficacy and Safety of Pharmacological and Physical Therapies for Bell's Palsy: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis

Jianwei Shi; Dafeng Lu; Hairong Chen; Mingzhu Shu; Yang Xu; Jiaojiao Qian; Ke Ouyang; Huaying Huang; Zhengxiang Luo; Chunhui Wang; Yansong Zhang

doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.868121

Efficacy and Safety of Pharmacological and Physical Therapies for Bell's Palsy: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis

Front Neurol. 2022 Apr 18:13:868121. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.868121. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Jianwei Shi¹, Dafeng Lu², Hairong Chen¹, Mingzhu Shu³, Yang Xu¹, Jiaojiao Qian², Ke Ouyang⁴, Huaying Huang⁴, Zhengxiang Luo¹, Chunhui Wang^{2

5}, Yansong Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
² School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
³ Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
⁴ Department of Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu People's Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China.
⁵ Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing, China.

Abstract

Objective: The objective was to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of all pharmacological and physical treatments (short-term, ≤ 1 month) for patients with acute Bell's palsy.

Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched for the randomized controlled trials comparing two or more regimens in patients with the Bell's palsy to be included in a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Odds ratios and CIs for the primary outcome of the House-Brackmann scale and secondary outcomes of sequelae (synkinesis and crocodile tears) and adverse events were obtained and subgroup analyses of steroids and antivirals were conducted.

Results: A total of 26 studies representing 3,609 patients having undergone 15 treatments matched our eligibility criteria. For facial recovery, acupuncture plus electrical stimulation, steroid plus antiviral plus Kabat treatment, and steroid plus antiviral plus electrical stimulation were the top three options based on analysis of the treatment ranking (probability = 84, 80, and 77%, respectively). Steroid plus antiviral plus electrical stimulation had the lowest rate of sequelae but were more likely to lead to mild adverse events. Subgroup analysis revealed that methylprednisolone and acyclovir were likely to be the preferred option.

Conclusions: This network meta-analysis indicated that combined therapies, especially steroid plus antiviral plus Kabat treatment, were associated with a better facial function recovery outcome than single therapy. Other physical therapies, such as acupuncture plus electrical stimulation, may be a good alternative for people with systemic disease or allergies. More high-quality trials of physical regimens are needed in the future.

Systematic review registration: Our registered PROSPERO number is CRD42021275486 and detailed information can be found at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.

Keywords: Bell's palsy; network meta-analysis; pharmacological therapy; physical therapy; systematic review.

Publication types

Systematic Review