Purpose: Oncogenic fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene alterations have been described in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This post hoc analysis assessed progression-free survival (PFS) in patients who had received first- or second-line systemic therapy for advanced/metastatic CCA before enrollment in the phase II FIGHT-202 study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02924376).
Patients and methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements (n = 107), other FGF/FGFR alterations (n = 20), or no FGF/FGFR alterations (n = 18) and documented disease progression after at least one systemic cancer therapy before enrollment in FIGHT-202 were assessed. Prior therapy and disease response data were collated from electronic case report forms. PFS was calculated for each prior line of systemic cancer therapy.
Results: Among patients with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements, other FGF/FGFR alterations, and no FGF/FGFR alterations, respectively, the median PFS with prior first-line systemic therapy was 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.0 to 8.0; n = 102), 4.4 months (2.7 to 7.1; n = 19), and 2.8 months (1.6 to 11.3; n = 16); the median PFS with prior second-line systemic therapy was 4.2 months (3.0 to 5.3; n = 39), 3.0 months (1.1 to 9.9; n = 8), and 5.9 months (2.4 to 12.5; n = 6). The median PFS was 7.0 months (4.9 to 11.1) for patients with FGFR2 fusions/rearrangements (n = 65) with second-line pemigatinib received during the FIGHT-202 trial.
Conclusion: In patients with CCA and FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements, second-line treatment with pemigatinib may be associated with longer PFS compared with second-line treatment with systemic therapy received before study enrollment; however, a prospective controlled trial is required to confirm this. The results support the therapeutic potential of pemigatinib previously demonstrated in FIGHT-202.