Results of Neurofeedback in Treatment of Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2022 Sep;47(3):145-181. doi: 10.1007/s10484-022-09547-1. Epub 2022 May 25.

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent disorders in children and adolescents. Neurofeedback, a nonpharmaceutical treatment, has shown promising results. To review the evidence of efficacy of neurofeedback as a treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD. A systematic review of the specific scientific studies published in 1995-2021, identifying and analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCT). A total of 1636 articles were identified and 165 met inclusion criteria, of which 67 were RCTs. Neurofeedback training was associated with significant long-term reduction in symptoms of ADHD. Though limitations exist regarding conclusions about the specific effects of neurofeedback, the review documents improvements in school, social, and family environments.

Keywords: ADHD; Children; Neurofeedback; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / diagnosis
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / therapy
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Neurofeedback* / methods
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome