Adaptation and Psychometric Evidence of the ARABIC Version of the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (A-DSMQ)

Nabil Kaddech; Noomen Guelmami; Tore Bonsaksen; Radhouene Doggui; Chiraz Beji; Jalila El Ati

doi:10.3390/healthcare10050951

Adaptation and Psychometric Evidence of the ARABIC Version of the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (A-DSMQ)

Healthcare (Basel). 2022 May 21;10(5):951. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10050951.

Authors

Nabil Kaddech^{1

2

3}, Noomen Guelmami^{3

4}, Tore Bonsaksen^{5

6}, Radhouene Doggui¹, Chiraz Beji^{1

2}, Jalila El Ati¹

Affiliations

¹ Nutritional Epidemiology and Surveillance Laboratory, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis 1007, Tunisia.
² Department of Biology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia.
³ Departement of Social Science, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, Jendouba University, Kef 7100, Tunisia.
⁴ Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
⁵ Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2418 Elverum, Norway.
⁶ Department of Health, Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, P.O. Box 184 Sandnes, Norway.

Abstract

(1) Background: Diabetic patients must engage in self-care practices in order to maintain optimal glycemic control, hence reducing the likelihood of developing complications, and enhance the overall quality of their lives. The Diabetes Self-care Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) is a tool for assessing self-management habits that may be used to predict glycemic control in people with diabetes. However, no Arabic language version of the instrument has been found. Therefore, we adapted an Arabic language version of the instrument in Tunisia. The purpose of the current research aimed to assess the psychometric features of the Tunisian version of the DSMQ in patients with type 2 diabetes. (2) Method: Two samples including both genders, one exploratory (n = 208, mean age 53.2 ± 8.3) and one confirmatory (n = 441, mean age 53.4 ± 7.4), completed an adapted Arabic language version of the DSMQ, a sociodemographic questionnaire and information about their HbA1C levels. (3) Results: The exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 15 items of the A-DSMQ fit well with the data. Likewise, the alpha coefficients for the A-DSMQ factors were above 0.80: for "Glucose Management" (GM), "Dietary Control" (DC), "Physical Activity" (PA), and "Heath-Care Use" (HU). The fit indices for the CFA were good, and the four-factor solution was confirmed. The Average Variance Extracted values and Fornell-Larcker criterion established the convergent and discriminant validity, respectively. The concurrent validity of the tool was established through the statistically significant negative relationships between the A-DSMQ factors and HbA1C, in addition to its positive association with the practice of physical activity measured by the IPAQ. (4) Conclusions: Given the high EFA factor loadings, the CFA fit indices, the correlation matrix, the sensitivity analysis, the convergent validity, and the excellent internal consistency of the A-DSMQ, it can be concluded that the A-DSMQ is an effective psychometric tool for diabetes self-management in Tunisia.

Keywords: diabetes type 2; physical activity; reliability; self-management; validity.

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.