Evaluation of Liver and Renal Toxicity in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Somatostatin Receptor Expressing Tumors: A 2-Year Follow-Up

Oncologist. 2022 Jun 8;27(6):447-452. doi: 10.1093/oncolo/oyab072.

Abstract

Background: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSR) analogs is now an established systemic treatment for neuroendocrine tumors (NET). However, more short- and long-term data about renal and hepatotoxicity is needed. Here we present our experience in this clinical scenario.

Methods: Eighty-six patients with progressive SSR-expressing malignancies underwent PRRT with Lu-177 Dotatate and were followed up for up to 2 years. Laboratory tests were done 1 week before each cycle and every 2 months at follow-up. Hepatic and renal toxicity was determined based on NCI CTCAE V5.0.

Results: 55/86 (64%) patients completed all 4 cycles of PRRT; 18/86 (20.9%) are currently being treated; 13/86 (15.1%) had to discontinue PRRT: 4/13 (31%) due to hematologic toxicity, 9/13 (69%) due to non-PRRT-related comorbidities. Out of the patients who finished treatment, only transient grade 2 toxicities were observed during PRRT: hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% (3/55), and renal toxicity (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate) in 1.8% (1/55). No grade 3 or 4 liver and renal toxicity occurred. Patients presenting with impaired liver or renal function prior to PRRT, either improved or had stable findings. No deterioration was observed.

Conclusion: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy does not have a negative impact on liver and renal function, even in patients with pre-existing impaired parameters. No grade 3 or 4 hepatic or renal toxicity was identified. Only transient grade 2 hypoalbuminemia in 5.5% and nephrotoxicity in 1.8% of patients were seen during PRRT.

Keywords: Lu-177 dotatate; hepatotoxicity; neuroendocrine tumors; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy; renal toxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hypoalbuminemia* / chemically induced
  • Liver / pathology
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors* / drug therapy
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors* / radiotherapy
  • Octreotide / adverse effects
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Radioisotopes / adverse effects
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Receptors, Somatostatin
  • Renal Insufficiency* / chemically induced

Substances

  • Radioisotopes
  • Receptors, Somatostatin
  • copper dotatate CU-64
  • Octreotide