Effects of internet-based interventions on improvement of glycemic control and self-management in older adults with diabetes: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose: To assess and summarize the effects of internet-based interventions on diabetes control and self-management of older adults with diabetes.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and three Chinese databases were searched to identified articles published in until December 2021. Clinical trials if they covered the effects of internet-based interventions on diabetes control and self-management of older adults with diabetes were included. All data analysis were performed by Review Manager 5.3.

Results: Sixteen studies with a total of 5604 participants met the inclusion criteria. Our primary outcomes included HbA1c control and self-management. (1) HbA1c control: results indicated statistically difference and high heterogeneity [Q = 112.9, df = 8, p < 0.001, I² = 93%], in the subgroup analysis of studies in China, results showed a significant influence of internet-based interventions on HbA1c control [Q = 21.31, df = 5, p = 0.03, I² = 77%]; (2) self-management: in the subgroup analysis of study duration ≤ 6 months [Q = 84.62, df = 2, p < 0.001, I² = 98%].

Conclusion: Internet-based interventions are promising on diabetes control and self-management of older adults with diabetes, but still preliminary due to the heterogeneity of intervention components and the limited number of higher methodological quality trials.

Availability of data and material: Applicable.

Keywords: Diabetes control; HbA1c; Internet-based interventions; Older adults with diabetes; Self- management.