Population-scale analysis of common and rare genetic variation associated with hearing loss in adults

Commun Biol. 2022 Jun 3;5(1):540. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03408-7.

Abstract

To better understand the genetics of hearing loss, we performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis with 125,749 cases and 469,497 controls across five cohorts. We identified 53/c loci affecting hearing loss risk, including common coding variants in COL9A3 and TMPRSS3. Through exome sequencing of 108,415 cases and 329,581 controls, we observed rare coding associations with 11 Mendelian hearing loss genes, including additive effects in known hearing loss genes GJB2 (Gly12fs; odds ratio [OR] = 1.21, P = 4.2 × 10-11) and SLC26A5 (gene burden; OR = 1.96, P = 2.8 × 10-17). We also identified hearing loss associations with rare coding variants in FSCN2 (OR = 1.14, P = 1.9 × 10-15) and KLHDC7B (OR = 2.14, P = 5.2 × 10-30). Our results suggest a shared etiology between Mendelian and common hearing loss in adults. This work illustrates the potential of large-scale exome sequencing to elucidate the genetic architecture of common disorders where both common and rare variation contribute to risk.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Exome / genetics
  • Exome Sequencing
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genome-Wide Association Study* / methods
  • Hearing Loss* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
  • Serine Endopeptidases / genetics

Substances

  • Membrane Proteins
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • TMPRSS3 protein, human