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. 2022 Jun 20;5(6):3013-3022.
doi: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00321. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Performance Assessment of Biocompatible Metals Used in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures

Ferit Cakir  1 , Fatih Mehmet Özkal  2 , Ersin Sensoz  3
Affiliations
Free PMC article

Performance Assessment of Biocompatible Metals Used in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures

Ferit Cakir et al. ACS Appl Bio Mater. .
Free PMC article

Abstract

Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are among the most common types of hip fractures. Particularly in young patients, these fractures require adequate fixation. These fractures, which are prevalent in elderly patients, are usually treated with implant applications. In implant applications, it is possible to find many different fixation configurations with various implant materials. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of metallic implant materials on fixation performance in the application of cannulated screws in an inverted triangle (CSIT), which are most preferred by orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, a femur bone with a type 2 fracture was numerically modeled and performances of CSIT implants with different biocompatible metals were investigated over nonlinear finite-element analyses (FEA). Within the study, stainless steel (SS), pure titanium (pTi), titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), cobalt-chromium alloy (Co-Cr), and magnesium alloy (WE43) materials, frequently used as biocompatible implant materials, were taken into consideration and their performances were evaluated under static, vibration, and fatigue analyses. Throughout the comparison of analysis results and an optimality indicator formula, the optimum material was found to be the Co-Cr alloy on the basis of considered performance characteristics.

Keywords: biocompatible metals; cannulated screws in inverted triangle implants; femoral neck fractures; nonlinear finite-element analysis; performance decision.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cannulated screws in an inverted triangle (CSIT).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Numerical model of the CSIT.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Critical stress distribution under static load (metal: stainless steel).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Critical stress distribution under static load (metal: pure titanium).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Critical stress distribution under static load (metal: titanium alloy).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Critical stress distribution under static load (metal: cobalt–chromium alloy).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Critical stress distribution under static load (metal: magnesium alloy).
Figure 8
Figure 8
First six mode shapes for the vibration analyses.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Periodic loading history used in the analyses.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Stress–life (S–N) curves of the biocompatible metals.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Reaction forces obtained by the static analyses.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Frequency values obtained by the vibration analyses.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Fatigue lives obtained by the fatigue analyses.
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