Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Period of Aerobic Training and Vitamin D Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Parivash Najafi Nazarabadi; Zaher Etemad; Rastegar Hoseini; Fatah Moradi

doi:10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_312_20

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Period of Aerobic Training and Vitamin D Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome

Int J Prev Med. 2022 Apr 8:13:60. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_312_20. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Parivash Najafi Nazarabadi¹, Zaher Etemad¹, Rastegar Hoseini², Fatah Moradi³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sunanda, Iran.
² Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
³ Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Saghez Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saghez, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory markers of blood are critical predictors of chronic diseases as well as exacerbating risk factors. Exercise is a well-known strategy to reduce the risk of inflammation and chronic disease. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of a period of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation (AT + Vit D) in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: This quasi-experimental research was performed on forty-six patients with metabolic syndrome who were selected according to the available sampling method, and were randomly divided into four groups: AT + Vit D (50,000 IU), AT, Vit D (50,000 IU), and control (C). The training protocol consisted of 40-60 min of AT 60-75% of maximal heart rate, three times a week, for 8 weeks. One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used to compare the between and within groups; the Bonferroni post hoc test was used if significant differences were found.

Results: The combination of exercise and vitamin D significantly reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.001), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P = 0.001), and improved the metabolic syndrome indices (P = 0.001 in all indices). The results also show that the improvement in the metabolic syndrome indices, CRP, and IL-6 was more significant in AT + Vit D, compared to AT or Vit D alone.

Conclusions: The findings from the present study suggested that a sedentary lifestyle and vitamin D deficiency accelerated the occurrence of metabolic syndrome probably by increasing the anti-inflammatory. Additionally, adequate levels of plasma vitamin D are necessary to achieve the beneficial metabolic effects of AT.

Keywords: Exercise; inflammatory markers; metabolic syndrome; vitamin D.