We report a case of Anncaliia algerae microsporidia infection in an immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipient in China. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy initially failed to identify A. algerae, which eventually was detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Our case highlights the supporting role of metagenomic sequencing in early identification of uncommon pathogens.
Keywords: Anncaliia algerae; China; fungi; immunocompromised; kidney transplantation; metagenomics; microsporidiosis; myositis; next-generation sequencing; parasites; transplant recipients.