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. 2022 Jun 14;12(6):412.
doi: 10.3390/bios12060412.

Two Biosensors for the Determination of Interleukin-6 in Blood Plasma by Array SPRi

Affiliations

Two Biosensors for the Determination of Interleukin-6 in Blood Plasma by Array SPRi

Beata Szymanska et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a biomarker of inflammation, the advanced stage of COVID-19, and several cancers, including ovarian cancer. Two biosensors for the determination of IL-6 in blood plasma by array SPRi have been developed. One of these biosensors consists of the mouse monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody as the receptor immobilized via the cysteamine linker. The second contains galiellalactone as the receptor, being an inhibitor specific for IL-6, immobilized via octadecanethiol (ODM) as the linker. Both biosensors are specific for IL-6. The biosensor with the antibody as the receptor gives a linear analytical response between 3 (LOQ) and 20 pg mL-1 and has a precision between 8% and 9.8% and recovery between 97% and 107%, depending on the IL-6 concentration. The biosensor with galiellalactone as the receptor gives a linear analytical response between 1.1 (LOQ) and 20 pg mL-1, and has a precision between 3.5% and 9.3% and recovery between 101% and 105%, depending on IL-6 concentration. Both biosensors were validated. Changes in IL-6 concentration in blood plasma before and after resection of ovarian tumor and endometrial cyst, as determined by the two developed biosensors, are given as an example of a real clinical application.

Keywords: array SPRi; blood plasma; cancer biomarkers; interleukin-6; ovarian cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Workflow of the formation of a biosensor (a) with mouse monoclonal anti-IL 6-antibody as the receptor.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Workflow of the formation of a biosensor (i) with galiellalactone as the receptor.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Dependence of the SPRi signal (arbitrary units) on the concentration of IL-6 for the biosensors containing: (a) mouse monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody, (b) galiellalactone. Error bars (confidence limits) were calculated for 12 independent measurements for each concentration at the 95% confidence level. The inset shows the linearity range.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of results of IL-6 determination in blood plasma as determined by the biosensor with mouse monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody and the biosensor with the inhibitor galiellalactone.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Comparison of the results of IL-6 in blood plasma determination using the biosensor with the mouse monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibody and by the electrochemiluminescence test performed on a COBAS E-411 analyzer.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Changes in IL-6 concentration in the blood plasma of a patient before and after resection of ovarian tumor, as determined by the biosensor with the antibody as the receptor (blue) or the biosensor with the inhibitor as the receptor (red). A: control, B: before resection, C: 6 h, D: 24 h and E: 5 days after resection.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Changes in IL-6 concentration in the blood plasma of a patient before and after resection of endometrial cyst, as determined by the biosensor with the antibody as the receptor (blue) or the biosensor with the inhibitor as the receptor (red). A: control, B: before resection, C: 5 h, and D: 24 h hours after resection.

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