Composition and phase engineering of metal chalcogenides and phosphorous chalcogenides

Jiadong Zhou; Chao Zhu; Yao Zhou; Jichen Dong; Peiling Li; Zhaowei Zhang; Zhen Wang; Yung-Chang Lin; Jia Shi; Runwu Zhang; Yanzhen Zheng; Huimei Yu; Bijun Tang; Fucai Liu; Lin Wang; Liwei Liu; Gui-Bin Liu; Weida Hu; Yanfeng Gao; Haitao Yang; Weibo Gao; Li Lu; Yeliang Wang; Kazu Suenaga; Guangtong Liu; Feng Ding; Yugui Yao; Zheng Liu

doi:10.1038/s41563-022-01291-5

Composition and phase engineering of metal chalcogenides and phosphorous chalcogenides

Nat Mater. 2023 Apr;22(4):450-458. doi: 10.1038/s41563-022-01291-5. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Authors

Jiadong Zhou^#^{1

2}, Chao Zhu^#^{3

4}, Yao Zhou^#⁵, Jichen Dong^{6

7}, Peiling Li⁸, Zhaowei Zhang⁹, Zhen Wang¹⁰, Yung-Chang Lin¹¹, Jia Shi¹², Runwu Zhang¹³, Yanzhen Zheng¹⁴, Huimei Yu¹⁵, Bijun Tang³, Fucai Liu¹⁶, Lin Wang¹⁷, Liwei Liu¹⁸, Gui-Bin Liu¹³, Weida Hu¹⁰, Yanfeng Gao¹⁹, Haitao Yang⁸, Weibo Gao⁹, Li Lu^{8

20}, Yeliang Wang²¹, Kazu Suenaga¹¹, Guangtong Liu^{8

20}, Feng Ding^{6

22}, Yugui Yao²³, Zheng Liu^{24

25

26}

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China. jdzhou@bit.edu.cn.
² Chongqing Center for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China. jdzhou@bit.edu.cn.
³ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
⁴ SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
⁵ Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
⁶ Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
⁷ Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
⁸ Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
⁹ School of Physical and Mathematical Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
¹⁰ State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
¹¹ The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
¹² Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
¹³ Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
¹⁴ Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recovery and Extraction of Rare and Precious Metals, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
¹⁵ School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
¹⁶ School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
¹⁷ Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
¹⁸ School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
¹⁹ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
²⁰ Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Guangdong, China.
²¹ School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China. yeliang.wang@bit.edu.cn.
²² School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea.
²³ Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China. ygyao@bit.edu.cn.
²⁴ School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. z.liu@ntu.edu.sg.
²⁵ CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, Research Techno Plaza, Singapore, Singapore. z.liu@ntu.edu.sg.
²⁶ School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. z.liu@ntu.edu.sg.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 35739274
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01291-5

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with multiphase, multielement crystals such as transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) (based on V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cd, Pt and Pd) and transition metal phosphorous chalcogenides (TMPCs) offer a unique platform to explore novel physical phenomena. However, the synthesis of a single-phase/single-composition crystal of these 2D materials via chemical vapour deposition is still challenging. Here we unravel a competitive-chemical-reaction-based growth mechanism to manipulate the nucleation and growth rate. Based on the growth mechanism, 67 types of TMCs and TMPCs with a defined phase, controllable structure and tunable component can be realized. The ferromagnetism and superconductivity in FeX_y can be tuned by the y value, such as superconductivity observed in FeX and ferromagnetism in FeS₂ monolayers, demonstrating the high quality of as-grown 2D materials. This work paves the way for the multidisciplinary exploration of 2D TMPCs and TMCs with unique properties.

Abstract

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