Furostanol saponins from Asparagus racemosus as potential hypoglycemic agents

Alka Raj Pandey; Shadab Ahmad; Suriya Pratap Singh; Anjali Mishra; Amol Chhatrapati Bisen; Gaurav Sharma; Ishbal Ahmad; Sanjeev K Shukla; Rabi Sankar Bhatta; Sanjeev Kanojiya; Akhilesh Kumar Tamrakar; Koneni V Sashidhara

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113286

Furostanol saponins from Asparagus racemosus as potential hypoglycemic agents

Phytochemistry. 2022 Sep:201:113286. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113286. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Affiliations

¹ Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India.
² Division of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India.
³ Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
⁴ Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India.
⁵ Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, U.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India.
⁶ Division of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
⁷ Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India; Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, U.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India. Electronic address: kv_sashidhara@cdri.res.in.

PMID: 35752344
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113286

Abstract

Bioactivity guided phytochemical investigation led to isolation of six undescribed furostanol saponins, furoasparoside A-F along with five known compounds, gallic acid, methyl gallate, quercetin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside, liquiritigenin 4^׳-O-β-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-glucopyranoside and β-glucogallin for the first time from the roots of Asparagus racemosus. Isolated saponins were screened for their antidiabetic potential in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes in vitro followed by an in vivo evaluation in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats and db/db mice. Furoasparoside E produced a notable decrease in the postprandial blood glucose profile, in leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice, type 2 diabetes model. The effect of furoasparoside E on GLUT4 translocation was found to be mediated by the AMPK-dependent signaling pathway in L6-GLUT4myc myotubes. Moreover, it emerged as a stable plant metabolite with higher bioavailability and efficacy in in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Therefore, these studies indicated that furoasparoside E may serve as a propitious lead for the management of type 2 diabetes and its secondary complications from natural source.

Keywords: AMPK signaling Pathway; Antihyperglycaemic; Asparagaceae; Asparagus racemosus; Furostanol saponin; GLUT4 translocation; Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

MeSH terms

Animals
Asparagus Plant* / chemistry
Asparagus Plant* / metabolism
Blood Glucose / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
Mice
Rats
Saponins* / chemistry
Saponins* / pharmacology

Substances

Blood Glucose
Hypoglycemic Agents
Saponins