Use of an applicator brush with high concentration bleaching gels

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate in vitro two high concentration self-mix bleaching gels (35% or 37.5%) with different application tips (with or without an applicator brush) during in-office bleaching.

Materials and methods: Healthy premolars were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8): no treatment; 35% HP without applicator brush, 35% HP with applicator brush, 37.5% HP without applicator brush, and 37.5% HP with applicator brush. After the procedures, the concentration of HP transferred into the pulp chamber was evaluated using UV-Vis. The amount of gel used in each group was measured on a precision analytical balance. Color change (ΔE_ab, ΔE₀₀, and ΔWI_D) was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer. Initial concentration was measured by titration with potassium permanganate. The pH was evaluated using a digital pH meter. The data from each test were submitted to nonparametric tests (α = 0.05).

Results: Using a tip with an applicator brush expended less gel and left a lower amount of HP inside the pulp chamber compared to the tip without a brush for both bleaching gels (p < 0.0003), although no significant difference in color change was observed (p < 0.05). The 37.5% HP showed a more stable and less acidic pH and a lower amount of HP in the pulp chamber than the 35% HP (p < 0.00001).

Conclusion: The HP penetration into the pulp chamber was lower when using an applicator with a brush tip than when using one with a conventional tip. As for the color, both tips were considered to lighten teeth.

Clinical significance: For the application of a self-mixing high concentration in-office bleaching gel, a brush tip should be recommended because its use diminishes the penetration of HP into the pulp chamber and wastes less bleaching gel.

Keywords: Dental enamel permeability; Hydrogen peroxide; Tooth bleaching; Tooth permeability.