Prevention of severe brain injury in very preterm neonates: A quality improvement initiative

J Perinatol. 2022 Oct;42(10):1417-1423. doi: 10.1038/s41372-022-01437-y. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the impact of neuroprotection interventions bundle on the incidence of severe brain injury or early death (intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3/4 or death by 7 days or ventriculomegaly or cystic periventricular leukomalacia on 1-month head ultrasound, primary composite outcome) in very preterm (270/7 to ≤ 296/7 weeks gestational age) infants.

Study design: Prospective quality improvement initiative, from April 2017-September 2019, with neuroprotection interventions bundle including cerebral NIRS, TcCO2, and HeRO monitoring-based management algorithm, indomethacin prophylaxis, protocolized bicarbonate and inotropes use, noise reduction, and neutral positioning.

Result: There was a decrease in the incidence of the primary composite outcome in the intervention period on unadjusted (N = 11/99, pre-intervention to N = 0/127, intervention period, p < 0.001) and adjusted analysis (adjusted for birthweight and Apgar score <5 at 5 min, aOR = 0.042, 95% CI = 0.003-0.670, p = 0.024).

Conclusions: Neuroprotection interventions bundle was associated with significant decrease in severe brain injury or early death in very preterm infants.

MeSH terms

  • Bicarbonates
  • Brain Injuries* / complications
  • Brain Injuries* / prevention & control
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Indomethacin / therapeutic use
  • Infant
  • Infant, Extremely Premature
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Leukomalacia, Periventricular* / epidemiology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality Improvement

Substances

  • Bicarbonates
  • Indomethacin